Which of the following conditions involves difficulty or discomfort in swallowing?

Dysphagia is the correct term for difficulty or discomfort in swallowing. This condition can stem from various underlying causes, including neurological disorders, structural abnormalities, or muscle issues, and it significantly impacts an individual's ability to safely ingest food and liquids. Individuals with dysphagia may experience a range of symptoms, such as coughing while eating, choking, or a sensation of food being stuck in the throat.

The other terms refer to different conditions that are not related to swallowing difficulties. Dysphasia refers to a language disorder that affects a person's ability to communicate effectively, usually due to brain injury or neurological issues. Dysarthria involves difficulty in the physical production of speech due to muscular control problems, affecting clarity and articulation but not directly related to swallowing. Ataxia is characterized by a lack of muscle control or coordination, affecting movement and balance, but it does not specifically address issues with the swallowing process.