Which assessment and therapy was pioneered by Sigmund Freud?

Which assessment and therapy was pioneered by Sigmund Freud?

• A. Psychoanalysis
• B. Humanistic psychology
• C. Cognitive therapy
• D. Behaviorism

Answer: (A)

The correct answer is psychoanalysis, which was pioneered by Sigmund Freud in the early 20th century. This approach emphasizes the role of unconscious processes and childhood experiences in shaping behavior and mental health. Freud introduced key concepts such as the id, ego, and superego, along with the techniques of free association, dream analysis, and transference, to explore the psyche. Psychoanalysis aims to bring repressed feelings and thoughts into consciousness, facilitating greater self-awareness and personal insight. The other options, while significant in the field of psychology, stem from different theoretical foundations and practitioners. Humanistic psychology, for instance, focuses on individual potential and self-actualization and was advanced by figures like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Cognitive therapy centers on thought patterns and beliefs influencing emotions and behaviors, developed primarily by Aaron Beck. Behaviorism, which looks at observable behaviors and the impact of the environment, was significantly influenced by researchers like John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner. Each of these approaches diverges from the central tenets of psychoanalysis that Freud established.

The correct answer is psychoanalysis, which was pioneered by Sigmund Freud in the early 20th century. This approach emphasizes the role of unconscious processes and childhood experiences in shaping behavior and mental health. Freud introduced key concepts such as the id, ego, and superego, along with the techniques of free association, dream analysis, and transference, to explore the psyche. Psychoanalysis aims to bring repressed feelings and thoughts into consciousness, facilitating greater self-awareness and personal insight.

The other options, while significant in the field of psychology, stem from different theoretical foundations and practitioners. Humanistic psychology, for instance, focuses on individual potential and self-actualization and was advanced by figures like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. Cognitive therapy centers on thought patterns and beliefs influencing emotions and behaviors, developed primarily by Aaron Beck. Behaviorism, which looks at observable behaviors and the impact of the environment, was significantly influenced by researchers like John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner. Each of these approaches diverges from the central tenets of psychoanalysis that Freud established.