What can an excess or deficiency of neurotransmitters lead to?

The correct response highlights that an excess or deficiency of neurotransmitters can lead to several psychological disorders. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the brain that play a crucial role in regulating mood, emotion, cognition, and behavior. When the balance of these substances is disrupted, it can result in a range of mental health issues. For example, a deficiency in serotonin is commonly linked with depression, while an excess of dopamine can be associated with conditions such as schizophrenia. Understanding these relationships is fundamental in both psychology and music therapy practice, as therapists often work to help clients achieve emotional regulation and mental wellness through various interventions.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the consequences of neurotransmitter imbalances. Increased intelligence and improved social relationships are not directly linked to neurotransmitter levels and do not represent disorders caused by their excess or deficiency. Similarly, the launch of new brain cells, while an important aspect of neuroplasticity, is not typically a direct result of neurotransmitter imbalances in the context of psychological disorders.