In learned helplessness theory, what is the potential outcome when individuals perceive a lack of control?

In learned helplessness theory, when individuals perceive a lack of control over their circumstances, it can lead to a profound sense of helplessness and defeat. This perception often results in feelings of anxiety and depression, as individuals may become overwhelmed by their inability to influence outcomes in their lives. They feel trapped and powerless, which can foster a negative emotional state.

This is particularly significant in contexts such as mental health, where individuals who have experienced repeated failures or stressful experiences may internalize these outcomes, leading to a diminished sense of self-worth and increased vulnerability to psychological disorders. In contrast, enhanced self-efficacy, heightened motivation, and improved problem-solving skills are typically associated with a sense of control and mastery over one’s environment, which is opposite to the experiences of those who feel helpless.